A urinary tract infection (UTI) affects parts of your urinary system including the bladder, urethra or kidneys. UTIs can often be treated with antibiotics but sometimes they’re not necessary.

Symptoms

• Pain or burning when peeing
• Frequent or urgent need to pee especially at night
• Cloudy or bloody urine
• Lower tummy or back pain
• Fever or feeling shivery
• Low body temperature (below 36°C)

Causes

• Bacteria from stool entering the urinary tract
• Risk factors include pregnancy, sexual activity, urinary blockages, catheters, weakened immune system, dehydration and poor hygiene.

When to seek medical help

• First-time symptoms of a UTI
• Symptoms in children, men, pregnant women or the elderly
• After surgery
• Symptoms worsen or don't improve in 2 days
• High fever, confusion or blood in urine

Self-care tips

• Take paracetamol for pain and fever
• Rest and drink plenty of fluids
• Avoid sex until symptoms clear

Pharmacy relief

• Consult a pharmacist for treatment or advice
• They can suggest painkillers or recommend seeing a GP